The claim that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) copied the Quran from the Bible

or other books is an old claim that has been refuted by both Muslim and non-Muslim scholars. Below are some points that refute this claim:

# 1. The Quran itself responds to these claims.


 


- The Quran challenges those who doubt its origin to produce a similar book or even a single chapter resembling it:


     


Allah says in the Quran:

{(88 - Say, "If mankind and the jinn gathered in order to produce the like of this Qur’ān, they could not produce the like of it, even if they were to each other assistants." }


(The Holy Quran Surah Al-Isra, 17:88).


     


This challenge remains standing to this day, and no one has been able to produce anything similar.

# 2. Fundamental differences between the Quran and the Bible.


 


- The Quran is fundamentally different from the Bible in style and content. The Bible contains stories and narratives,

1 - 1 - The Bible attributes human qualities to God, such as anger, regret, or sadness.


For example,


 ". 65 - Then the Lord awoke as from sleep,


Like a mighty man who shouts because of wine."


 Version" Psalm : 78:65


which is considered a form of weakness,

incompatible with the Almighty Creator.

2 - Blasphemy against God: The Bible compares God to various animals, insects, birds, and inanimate objects, which are not even fitting to be compared to humans, let alone God, constituting a clear offense to God.

God as a bear:

   This description is found in Lamentations [3:10], where the prophet Jeremiah describes the Lord, saying:

".10 - He was unto me as a bear lying in wait, and as a lion in secret places."

  God as a worm:

   This description is found in Hosea [5:12], where the Lord says:

".12 ( I am like a moth to Ephraim,


    like rot to the people of Judah.) "


 


 The moth is an insect that feeds on and destroys clothing


[Dictionary of Difficult Words in the Bible].

 God as a lioness:

   This description is found in [Hosea 13: 7-8]: The Lord says: "


 


7 “So I will be to them like a lion;


Like a leopard by the road I will lurk;


8 I will meet them like a bear deprived of her cubs;


I will tear open their rib cage,


And there I will devour them like a lion.


The [a]wild beast shall tear them.


 Hosea 13:7,8

 God as a jackal:

   This description is found in Micah [1: 8], where the Lord says about Himself :

".8 Because of this I will weep and wail;


    I will go about barefoot and naked.


I will howl like a jackal


    and moan like an owl ."

 The jackal is an animal from the canine family, larger than a fox and smaller than a wolf [Dictionary of Difficult Words in the Old Testament].

- In contrast, the Quran presents a completely different view of the nature of God, emphasizing His absolute oneness:


     


Allah says in the Quran:

{ (1) Say, "He is Allāh, [who is] One,

(2) Allāh, the Eternal Refuge

(3) He neither begets nor is born,

(4) Nor is there to Him any equivalent."


( The Holy Quran Surah Al-Ikhlas, 112:1-4).


 


Allah says in the Quran:

23) He is Allah, other than whom there is no deity, the Sovereign, the Pure, the Perfection , the Bestower of Faith , the Overseer, the Exalted in Might, the Compeller, the Superior.  Exalted is Allah above whatever they associate with Him. 24) He is Allah, the Creator, the Inventor, the Fashioner; to Him belong the best names.   Whatever is in the heavens and earth is exalting Him.  And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.


( The Holy Quran Hashr-59 -23 : 24 )

Allah says in the Quran:


    


255) Allah – there is no deity except Him, the Ever-Living, the Sustainer of [all] existence.  Neither drowsiness overtakes Him nor sleep.  To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth.  Who is it that can intercede with Him except by His permission?  He knows what is [presently] before them and what will be after them,86 and they encompass not a thing of His knowledge except for what He wills.  His Kursi87 extends over the heavens and the earth, and their preservation tires Him not.  And He is the Most High, the Most Great. "


( The Holy Quran Surah Al-Baqarah, 2: 255).

In contrast, the Bible (especially in Christian doctrine) speaks of the Trinity.


   


- The Quran corrects some stories found in the Bible, such as the crucifixion of Jesus, affirming that he was not crucified but was raised by God.

# 3. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was unlettered.


   


- The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was unlettered, unable to read or write,


     


Allah says in the Quran:

{ (48) - And you did not recite before it any scripture, nor did you inscribe one with your right hand. Then [i.e., otherwise] the falsifiers would have had [cause for] doubt. }


( The Holy Quran Surah Al-Ankabut, 29:48).


     


How could an unlettered person copy from complex books like the Bible, especially since the Bible was not available in Arabic at that time?

# 4. Historical and scientific differences.


 


- The Quran contains scientific and historical facts that were not known at the time of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), such as the stages of embryonic development, which were only discovered recently by modern science. These facts were not present in the Bible or any other book at that time.

# 5. Testimony of Orientalists and Western scholars.


 


- Many Orientalists and Western scholars who studied the Quran have acknowledged that it cannot be of human authorship. For example, the Orientalist Thomas Carlyle said: "The Quran is a genuine book, and there is no doubt that it is from God."


 


  - The unique style and eloquence of the Quran have led many to acknowledge that it cannot be the work of a single person, especially at that time.

# 6. The Quran points out errors in previous scriptures.


 


- The Quran itself confirms that previous scriptures (such as the Torah and the Gospel) were altered:


    


Allah says in the Quran :

 {(79) -  So woe to those who write the "scripture" with their own hands, then say, "This is from Allāh," in order to exchange it for a small price. Woe to them for what their hands have written and woe to them for what they earn.  }


     ( The Holy Quran Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:79).


    


 How could the Quran be copied from books that it itself acknowledges as altered?

# 7. The Quran challenges with its miracles.


 


- The Quran contains linguistic, scientific, and legislative miracles that cannot be the work of humans. If the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) had copied from other books, it would have been easy for his contemporaries to discover and point out the sources.

# 8. The Prophet (peace be upon him) did not have access to previous scriptures.


 


- The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) lived in a Bedouin environment in Mecca, where religious books like the Bible were not available in Arabic or accessible to the public. Additionally, there were no Christian scholars or priests in Mecca who could have been sources for this information.

# 9. The Quran speaks to all ages.


 


- The Quran is not merely a historical or religious book; it is a comprehensive book that speaks to all ages and places. This comprehensiveness and depth cannot be the work of a single person, especially at that time.

# 10. Testimony of history.


 


- If the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) had copied the Quran from the Bible, his enemies in Mecca would have been the first to point it out. However, none of his contemporaries made such a claim, and many acknowledged the eloquence and uniqueness of the Quran.

# Conclusion:


The claim that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) copied the Quran from the Bible has no basis in history, science, or logic. The Quran is a unique book in its style and content, containing facts and miracles that cannot be the work of humans. It challenges humanity to produce something similar, and this challenge remains standing to this day.