Evidence of God's Oneness Between Instinct, Reason, and Revelation

The greatest question facing humanity since becoming aware of its existence is : Who created me ?


 Why was I created ? 


And who is worthy of my submission and worship ?

God did not leave this question unanswered. Rather, He made the answer clear in innate human nature ( fitrah ), scattered throughout the signs of the universe, and conveyed through the messages of the prophets—so that no one would have any excuse after the evidence has been established.

Monotheism ( Tawhid ) is not merely a religious doctrine; it is the truth through which a person understands themselves, comprehends the world around them, and finds tranquility, peace, and the true meaning of life.

First : The Innate Evidence ( Fitrah )

A Human is Born a Monotheist

God created humans equipped with an innate predisposition to believe in their Creator and to know that this universe has one Lord, unique in creation and governance.

The Messenger of God (peace be upon him) said:

"No child is born except upon the Fitrah (natural disposition), then his parents make him a Jew, a Christian, or a Magian."

Thus, the inherent state of humanity is monotheism; polytheism and deviation are acquired later from one's environment and surroundings.

We find that many people who lived far from revelation, when cut off from all means or surrounded by calamities, revert instinctively to belief in one God.

When external influences fall away, and a person stands before death or real danger, their heart turns only to one Lord, saying:

· O God.


· O Lord.


· O Creator of the universe.

This call from the depths of the soul is not the result of philosophical study, but rather the testimony of the innate nature God placed within humans.

God Almighty said :

"65) And when they board a ship, they supplicate Allah, sincere to Him in religion [i.e., faith and hope]. But when He delivers them to the land, at once they associate others with Him 66) So that they will deny what We have granted them, and they will enjoy themselves. But they are going to know ."


( Quran 29 : 65 )

Even the Atheist Returns to Fitrah in Times of Hardship

It is noteworthy that many who deny God's existence in times of ease return to supplication and seeking help when disasters and crises strike.

This confirms that belief in God is not merely an acquired culture but is knowledge ingrained in the depths of the human soul.

God Almighty said :

"12) And when affliction touches man, he calls upon Us, whether lying on his side or sitting or standing ;but when We remove from him his affliction, he continues [in disobedience] as if he had never called upon Us to [remove] an affliction that touched him.  Thus it is made pleasing to the transgressors that which they have been doing.  ."


( Quran 10 : 12 )

Monotheism is the Natural State of the Soul

Therefore, the monotheist lives in a state of inner harmony, because their heart turns to one direction, hopes in one Lord, and fears one God.

But those who divide their hearts among created beings, saints, idols, and desires live in a state of turmoil and fragmentation.

God Almighty said :

"29) Allah presents an example: a man [i.e., slave] owned by quarreling partners and another belonging exclusively to one man – are they equal in comparison?  Praise be to Allah!  But most of them do not know.   "


( Quran 39 : 29 )

Second: The Testimony of Human History

Whoever reflects on the history of ancient nations finds that the concept of a Supreme God existed among most peoples—even those who fell into idol worship.

Idols were not, for many nations, creators of the universe, but rather intermediaries and intercessors.

This is what the Quran informs us about the polytheists of Arabia :

".3) Unquestionably, for Allah is the pure religion.   And those who take protectors besides Him [say], "We only worship them that they may bring us nearer to Allah in position."  Indeed, Allah will judge between them concerning that over which they differ.  Indeed, Allah does not guide he who is a liar and [confirmed] disbeliever.."


( Quran 39 : 3 )

And God said :

".25) And if you asked them, "Who created the heavens and earth?" they would surely say, "Allah." Say, "[Allah} praise is [due] to Allah"; but most of them do not know. 


26) To Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and earth. Indeed, Allah is the Free of need, the Praiseworthy. ."


(Quran 31:25-26)

They acknowledged the oneness of the Creator, yet deviated when they directed worship to others.

This proves that the original belief of humanity is faith in one God, and that polytheism is an intrusion upon human nature.

Third: The Call of the Prophets

If divine messages had multiple aims and conflicting creeds, we would find prophets calling to different gods.

But the truth is that all prophets came with one message :

Worship God alone.

God Almighty said :

".25) And We sent not before you any messenger except that We revealed  to him that, ―There is no deity except Me, so worship Me.‖ 26) And they say, ―The Most Merciful has taken a son.‖ Exalted is He! Rather, they  are [but] honored servants. 


27) They cannot precede Him in word, and they act by His command. ."


( Quran 21 : 25 )

And God said :

"36) . And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger, [saying],  "Worship Allah and avoid taghut."   And among them were those whom Allah guided, and among them were those upon whom error was [deservedly] decreed.  So proceed [i.e., travel] through the earth and observe how was the end of the deniers.  .'"


( Quran 16 : 36 )

Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad ( peace be upon them all )—their call was one, even if their laws differed.

This consistency across thousands of years, among prophets who never met or lived in the same era, is evidence that the source of the message is one: God Almighty.

Fourth: The Rational Evidence

The Proof of Mutual Exclusion ( Burhan al-Tamanu ')

The universe operates on an exquisitely precise system :

· The constancy of physical laws.


· The regularity of celestial motion.


· The alternation of day and night.


· The intricate structure of the atom.


· The balance of cosmic forces.

All of this indicates unity of governance.

If there were more than one god with independent will and power, conflict and disorder would prevail.

God Almighty said :

".22) Had there been within them [i.e., the heavens and earth] gods besides Allah, they both would have  been ruined. So exalted is Allah, Lord of the Throne, above what they describe. ."


( Quran 21 : 22 )

Thus, the order of the universe is an ever-renewing testimony to the oneness of its Creator.

The Proof of Dependence ( Burhan al-Iftiqar )

Everything in the universe is in need:

· Humans need food.


· Plants need water.


· The earth needs the sun.


· Stars have a beginning and an end.

Everything that is dependent cannot be divine.

The true God is the Absolutely Self-Sufficient, who depends on nothing, while all creation depends on Him.

God Almighty said :

" 15) O mankind, you are those in need of Allah, while Allah is the Free of need, the Praiseworthy. ."


( Quran 35 : 15 )

The Proof of Precision and Perfection (Burhan al-Itqan)

If a person sees a smartphone or a precise machine, they are certain that behind it is a wise designer.

How then could this vast universe—whose greatness the mind cannot fully grasp—exist without a wise Creator ?

Millions of galaxies, precise systems, and complex living organisms—how could they exist without a wise Creator ?

God Almighty said :

". [It is] the work of Allah, who perfected all things. Indeed, He is Acquainted with that which you do. ."


( Quran 27 : 88 )

And God said :

".7) Who perfected everything which He created and began the creation of man from clay. 8) Then He made his reproduction out of the extract of a liquid disdained. 9) Then He proportioned him and breathed into him from His [created] element of life(1095)  and made for you hearing and vision and hearts [i.e., intellect]; little are you grateful. ."


( Quran 32 : 7-9 )

Fifth: The Human Psychological Need for Monotheism

Humans do not merely seek a Creator ; they also seek security, meaning, and purpose.

Monotheism provides answers to the greatest questions :

· Where did I come from ?


· Why was I created ?


· What is the final destination ?


· Who hears my prayers ?


· Who holds my sustenance and my appointed time ?

Polytheism, on the other hand, tears the heart apart among multiple deities and shackles the human to weak, perishable creations.

Thus, God said :

"35) Say, "Are there of your 'partners' any who guides to the truth?"  Say, "Allah guides to the truth.  So is He who guides to the truth more worthy to be followed or he who guides not unless he is guided?  Then what is [wrong] with you – how do you judge?"   "


( Quran 10 : 35 )

Sixth: Monotheism is the Foundation of Justice and Human Dignity

If the Creator is One, then all humans are His servants.

No person has superiority over another except through piety.

No one has the right to absolute legislation except God.

No human should be elevated to divinity .

No one should seek help from a powerless creation.

Nor should acts of worship be directed to anyone other than God.

Therefore, monotheism is the greatest message that liberated humanity from the enslavement of humans, idols, and superstitions.

The monotheist submits only to God and derives their value only from their servitude to their Creator.

Conclusion

The evidence for God's oneness is not just one proof—it is an integrated system:

· Fitrah ( innate nature ) testifies.


· The intellect demonstrates.


· The universe speaks.


· History confirms.


· The prophets agree.


· The Quran declares.


· The sound heart finds peace in it.

Thus, the greatest words ever uttered by humanity, and the greatest truth upon which the heavens and earth were established, are :

Lā ilāha illā Allāh


(There is no god but God)

It is the word upon which the messages were founded, for which creation was created, and by which humanity finds salvation in this life and the Hereafter.

God Almighty said :

".18) Allah witnesses that there is no deity except Him, and [so do] the angels and those of knowledge – [that He is] maintaining [creation] in justice.  There is no deity except Him, the Exalted in Might, the Wise. ."