sakhar, a chief of a tribe, had helped muhammad (pbuh) greatly in the seige of taif, for which he was naturally obliged to him. soon after, two charges were brought against sakhar: one by mughira of illegal confinement of his (mughira's) aunt and the other by banu salim of forcible occupation of his spring by sakhar. in both cases, he decided against sakhar and made him undo the wrong. (abu dawud, sunan dawud, pg.80)
abdullah bin sahal, a companion, was deputed to collect rent from jews of khaibar. his cousin mahisa accompanied him but, on reaching khaibar, they had separated. abdullah was waylaid and done to death. mahisa reported this tragedy to the prophet (pbuh) but as there were no eye-witnesses to identify the guilty, he did not say anything to the jews and paid the blood-money out of the state revenues (bukhari, sahih bukhari nasai).
a woman of the makhzoom family with good connections was found guilty of theft. for the prestige of the quraish, some prominent people including asama bin zaid interceded to save her from punishment. the prophet (pbuh) refused to condone the crime and expressed displeasure saying,
"many a community ruined itself in the past as they only punished the poor and ignored the offences of the exalted. by allah, if muhammad's (my) daughter fatima would have committed theft, her hand would have been severed." (bukhari, sahh bukhari, chapter "alhadood")
the jews, in spite of their hostility to the prophet (pbuh), were so impressed by his impartiallity and sense of justice that they used to bring their cases to him, and he decided them according to jewish law. (abu dawud, sunan dawud)
once, while he was distributing the spoils of war, people flocked around him and one man almost fell upon him. he pushed the men with a stick causing a slight abrasion. he was so sorry about this that he told the man that he could have his revenge, but the man said, "o messenger of allah, i forgive you." (abu dawud, kitablu diyat).
in his fatal illness, the prophet (pbuh) proclaimed in a concourse assembled at his house that if he owed anything to anyone the person concerned could claim it; if he had ever hurt anyone's person, honor or property, he could have his price while he was yet in this world. a hush fell on the crowd. one man came forward to claim a few dirhams which were paid at once. (ibn hisham, sirat-ur-rasul)
